More than 59 million people live in South Africa, making it one of the world's most highly populated countries. It also possesses Africa's second-largest economy. Johannesburg, while the largest city, isn't the capital. Instead, it has three capitals: Cape Town is the legislative capital while Bloemfontein and Pretoria are the judicial and executive capitals. The multiethnic characteristics of South African society are evident in its abundance of religions, cultures, and languages. In fact, it has a total of 11 official languages. After apartheid ended, linguistic and ethnic groups have been empowered with political representation. South Africa has a rich and colorful history, a biodiverse landscape, and a surplus of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.